Paroxysmal = Sudden attack
Nocturnal = Occur at night
Dyspnea= Shortness of breath (SOB)

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea ni bermaksud severe SOB & coughing occur at night & awekening person from sleep.

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea ialah sign of heart failure(biasanya left side heart failure).

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea ni biasanya accompanied by swelling of foot or ankles sbb berlakunya accumulation of excess fluid in lungs(sbb left side heart failure la)

Cara nk reduce Paroxysmal nocturnal Dyspnea ni ialah dgn tinggikan kepala,letakla bantal ke kt bahagian kepala.